What are fusion proteins?

Fusion proteins are indeed proteins created using recombinant DNA technology to combine different amino acid sequences from two or more distinct proteins into a single polypeptide chain. This process often involves using a DNA construct that includes the coding sequences for both components, which allows the continuous expression of the joined proteins. The resulting fusion protein often retains functional properties from both original proteins, which can be utilized for various applications, such as in research, therapeutics, or industrial purposes.

The utility of fusion proteins is notable in their ability to enhance solubility, stability, or facilitate the purification of proteins. For example, a commonly used fusion tag, such as His-tag, allows for easy purification using nickel affinity chromatography. Fusion proteins also play crucial roles in cellular processes and can be used to investigate protein interactions or localization within the cell.

Other options do not accurately define fusion proteins: they either limit the protein characteristics to specific organisms or functions, or present incorrect information regarding their interactions.